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  • Polyclonal Antibody Production
    Polyclonal Antibodies Introduction Polyclonal antibodies are antibodies which have been derived from multiple B cells or cell lines. A preparation of these antibodies bears some resemblance to the antibody variety found in normal serum, which is the fluid component that separates from clotted blood. The resemblance is due to the fact that antibodies that are polyclonal recognize different epitopes and have different degrees of specificity. In contrast, the antibodies in a monoclonal preparation are derived from one clonal type and recognize the same epitope with the same degree of specificity. To produce custom polyclonal antibodies, an animal such as a chicken, mouse or rabbit is immunized with an antigen and adjuvant preparation. The animal’s immune system is stimulated to produce B cells which secrete antibody that is specific for the antigen. After a period of time, typically several weeks or even months, the animal’s serum is harvested. Custom polyclonal antibody preparations are usually a mixture of antibody specificities which all recognize the same antigen. The specificity difference means the antibodies bind w...
  • Premade Phage Display Antibody Libraries
    Introduction With the world-leading capacity, Leading Biology is able to provide a pre-made library sequencing service at highly competitive and cost-effective prices. We have developed a comprehensive library screening strategy for efficient isolation of high affinity antibodies from both yeast and phage libraries. For the rapid turnaround and consistent results for your projects, we also provide the in-stock premade human and mouse antibody libraries (including human scFv libraries, human Fab libraries, mouse scFv/Fab libraries, rabbit Fab libraries, chicken scFv libraries and single domain antibody libraries) with great capacity & diversity that can derive high affinity antibodies ranging from 10 pM to 10 nM. HuScL-2: Human Single Chain Antibody Library 1.     Phagemid phage display system 2.     M13 pIII fusion containing short 6xHis and c-Myc detection tag 3.     VH-VL format scFv library 4.     Human antibody genes from semi-synthesis 5.     Capacity: 1.42×109 6.  &nb...
  • Monoclonal Antibody/Hybridoma Custom Service
    Monoclonal Antibody/Hybridoma Antibodies produced by the clones of one B-cell are called monoclonal antibodies (mAb or moAb). Monoclonal antibodies are highly specific immunoglobulin designed to target antigens. Therefore, they have been widely used in the diagnosis of disease, whether in the diagnostic laboratories, in the doctor's rooms or in the field. In addition, they are useful in designing vaccines or carrying toxins to a target cell without affecting adjacent cells. The antibodies produced by hybridoma are all of a single specificity and therefore are monoclonal antibodies. The mentioned hybridoma technology is the one that forms hybrid cell lines (hybridomas) by fusing a specific antibody-producing B cell with myeloma tumor cells (B-cell cancer), which is selected for its ability to grow in tissue culture and for an absence of antibody chain synthesis. Preparation   Classic Case Publication:Acta Biochim Biophys Sin IF:2.191 Title:ACAT1 regulates the dynamics of free cholesterols in th...
  • Polyclonal Antibody Serum Preparation
    Introduction Leading Biology provides fully customizable services for polyclonal antibody production ranging from peptide design and synthesis to antibody purification and detection. A variety of different hosts to produce polyclonal antibodies are used, including rabbit, rat, mouse, goat, guinea pig, chicken, sheep, monkey, etc. Each project will be discussed thoroughly before starting the protocol so as to sure that your demands will be fulfilled.  Polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) are a group of antibodies that could bind to different epitopes of the same antigen. Even if a virus or bacteria changes its structure just a little bit, the antibodies will still be able to find and attach to it, which is different from the single combination of monoclonal antibodies. That is why researchers often use polyclonal antibodies to identify parts of unknown molecules. Apart from that, the polyclonal antibody preparation is cheaper, quicker and easier in comparison to monoclonal antibody preparation. Service process and package Each cus...
  • Antibody Production
    Why Choose Leading Biology for Antibody Production? An antibody, also known as an immunoglobulin, is a Y-shaped protein produced mainly by plasma cells that is used by the immune system to neutralize pathogens such as bacteria and viruses. The production of antibodies is the main function of the humoral immune system. There is a small region known as the hypervariable region at the tip of the protein of an antibody, which is extremely variable. As the region allows millions of antibodies with slightly different tip structures, or antigen-binding sites, enormous diversity of antibody antigen-binding fragments called paratopes are generated by random recombination of a set of gene segments followed by random mutations in this area, and then create further diversity. Antibodies used for lab research are often obtained from animals such as rabbits, sheep or mice with a specific antigen. Antibodies can be harvested in an antiserum, which is collected from an animal following exposure to an antigen. Because most antigens are complex structures with multiple epitopes, they result in the production of multiple antibodies in the animals....
  • Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody preparation by phage display
    Introduction Leading Biology dedicated itself from the first day to develop monoclonal antibodies almost exclusively. We have an onsite vivarium and working to establish a GMP facility soon. We keep a veterinarian on staff to make sure our mice and other animals are in the best health. We know how to generate an antibody that is specific to the immunizing antigen and that works for the intended application. Our technical staff with decades of experience in immunology, biochemistry, and molecular biology will be there to guide you through the 10 to 14-week process. Service Package Time(weeks) Molecular Peptide design & synthesis ~2 √ ...
  • Mouse Monoclonal Antibody preparation by phage display
    Introduction Leading Biology dedicated itself from the first day to develop monoclonal antibodies almost exclusively. We have an onsite vivarium and working to establish a GMP facility soon. We keep a veterinarian on staff to make sure our mice and other animals are in the best health. We know how to generate an antibody that is specific to the immunizing antigen and that works for the intended application. Our technical staff with decades of experience in immunology, biochemistry, and molecular biology will be there to guide you through the 10 to 14-week process. Service Package Time(weeks) Molecular Peptide design & synthesis ~2 √ ...
  • Antibody Labeling Services
    Custom Antibody Labeling Services When assaying antigens with an antibody, it is necessary to detect the presence of that antibody in the assay through one of two methods. The first method is to target the antibody indirectly with the use of a secondary antibody. Secondary antibodies are widely available and are coupled to labels such as FITC or Biotin and bind specifically to the primary antibody. The second method is to conjugate one of these labels directly to the primary antibody, thereby eliminating the need for the secondary antibody. Our in-house expertise enables us to provide a wide range of services, adaptable to your requests.  Examples of custom projects  Custom conjugation of Ab fragments to PEGs Custom conjugation of ovalbumin to Ab/proteins Optimization and conjugation of oligos to folate molecules Site-directed conjugations Magnetic beads conjugation micro-optimization and scale-up conjugation Latex beads conjugation micro-optimization and scale-up conjugation Europium beads conjugation micro-optimization and s...
  • Custom Phosphospecific Antibody Production
    Overview Our Custom Phosphospecific Antibody Production package includes everything needed to obtain affinity-purified antibodies that are specific to a phosphorylated epitope. We run an extensive series of ELISA assays on the production bleeds and on the affinity-purified antibodies to ensure that antibodies are specific to the phosphorylated peptide and show no activity against the non-phosphorylated peptide. Service Items Details Protein Sequence Analysis lSynthesis of up to a 15aa Phosphorylated Peptide l13-week Antibody Production Protocol: nPre-Immune Serum from each animal n4 Production Bleeds of 20-25 ml of serum per animal nELISA on the 1st Production Bleed against both peptides lAffinity Purification of 25 ml of serum against the phosphorylated peptide lBoth re-useable columns included l$150.00 Package Pricing Discount included Service Details ...
  • Custom Peptide Antibody Production
    Overview Our Custom Peptide Antibody Production package includes everything needed to obtain custom antibodies against a synthesized peptide. Please note that ELISA and Affinity Purification of the serum against the peptide is not included with this package. For the best results, we recommend our Monospecific Antibody Production Package, which includes these services with a package pricing discount. Affinity purification of the serum against the peptide will eliminate non-specific cross-reactivity in the serum and maximize the specificity of the anti-peptide antibodies in your assays. Details Protein Sequence Analysis l  Conjugation of 3-5 mg of the peptide to KLH l  13-week Antibody Production Protocol: u  Pre-Immune Serum from each animal u  4 Production Bleeds of 20-25 ml of serum per animal u  Chickens l  Synthesis of up to a 15aa peptide l  Handling / Shipment Preparation ...
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