An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, also called ELISA or EIA, is a test that detects and measures antibodies in your blood. This test can be used to determine if you have antibodies related to certain infectious conditions. Antibodies are proteins that your body produces in response to harmful substances called antigens.
An ELISA test may be used to diagnose:
HIV, which causes AIDS
Lyme disease
pernicious anemia
Rocky Mountain spotted fever
rotavirus
squamous cell carcinoma
syphilis
toxoplasmosis
varicella-zoster virus, which causes chickenpox and shingles
Zika virus
ELISA is often used as a screening tool before more in-depth tests are ordered. A doctor may suggest this test if you’re having signs or symptoms of the conditions above. Your doctor may also order this test if they want to rule out any of these conditions.